Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) - 2859 Words

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process that is essential for normal processes in many organisms, including embryonic development and wound healing, and is recapitulated in human disease, contributing to organ fibrosis and cancer progression (Thiery et al. 2009; Yang and Weinberg 2008). EMT describes the conversion of a cell with an epithelial phenotype to one with mesenchymal characteristics and can be a partial or complete transformation. Epithelial cells form the borders of tissues and organs, and are characterized by apical-basal polarity, contact with a basement membrane, and strong adherence to other epithelial cells through intercellular junctions including adherens junctions, tight junctions, and desmosomes. Conversely, mesenchymal cells have front-rear polarity and generally lack cell-cell contact, allowing them to be motile. During human embryonic development, EMT is essential for the formation of a variety of tissues, including mesoderm, neural crest, somites, palate, pancreas, liver, reproductive tracts, and heart valves (Thiery et al. 2009; Yang and Weinberg 2008). After development, partial EMT also contributes to wound healing (Thiery et al. 2009). However, EMT can also play a more insidious role by factoring into tumour progression. EMT in Cancer Progression Cancer is a multi-step disease that can originate from any cell type, but the majority of human cancers are epithelia-derived carcinomas (Yang and Weinberg 2008). The first step inShow MoreRelatedThe Membrane Of Epithelial Cells1472 Words   |  6 PagesEMT Epithelial Cells Epithelial cells are responsible for separating the human body from outside environment by forming a barrier usually line of ducts and organs. In two dimensional culture, epithelial cells form an intact cobblestone monolayer with high transepithelial electrical resistance. In three dimensional matrices such as collagen or matrigel, epithelial cells have a distinct cell polarity. The basal side of the epithelial cell attaches to the extracellular matrix through the basementRead MoreCancer Is The Second Leading Cause Death Worldwide1402 Words   |  6 Pagescancer treatment and be aware of resources that can assist research in navigating these alternatives. Like other types of cancers, lung and breast cancer have been found to be associated with the developmental stage of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, or EMT. This transition plays an important role in many biological processes, such as embryonic development, and has been associated with initiating metastasis during cancer progression. Metastasis is a major cause for high mortality for severalRead MoreEpithelial-Mesenchymal Transition: The Primary Driver of Tumour Metastasis1916 Words   |  8 PagesEpithelial-mesenchymal Transition: The Primary Driver of Tumour Metastasis 1. Epithelial and mesenchymal cells Epithelial cells (ECs) are the structural unit of epithelium, a tissue type that is responsible for lining the inner and outer surfaces of the body, as well as formation of many glands, including endocrine, exocrine, serous, mucous, and sebaceous. ECs are polarized, with the apical surface facing the lumen and the basal surface anchoring to a specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) layerRead MoreThe Expression Of Empiric Classic Emt Structural And Mesenchymal Biomarkers1466 Words   |  6 PagesThis study sought to analyse the expression of empiric classic EMT structural and mesenchymal biomarkers, epithelial activation, and also vascular changes, in matching large and small airways from smoking (current or recently quit) patients with airflow obstruction (CAL). We have previously demonstrated that in large airway biopsies from smokers compared to normal control tissue, epithelial activation, EMT biomarkers and related classic structural changes are highly expressed, and that these c hangesRead MoreThe Primary Driver of Carcinoma Progression2787 Words   |  11 PagesEpithelial-mesenchymal Transition: The Primary Driver of Carcinoma Progression 1. Epithelial and mesenchymal cells Epithelial cells (ECs) are the structural unit of epithelium, a tissue type that is responsible for lining the inner and outer surfaces of the body, as well as formation of many glands [1]. ECs are polarized, with the apical surface facing the lumen and the basal surface anchoring to a specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) layer, known as the basal lamina or basement membrane whichRead MoreThe Importance Of Detection Of Breast Cancer Cells1211 Words   |  5 Pages(RT-qPCR) to measure gene expression values of cytokeratin (CK) 8, 18, and 191. The rationale for detection of CTCs via RT-qPCR is based on the assumption that CTCs would display higher expression levels of the epithelial gene CK than blood samples without CTCs because tumour cells are of epithelial origin1. Detection of CTCs can be used as a prognostic indicator4 and may provide a means to individualized treatment by assessing the efficacy of adjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients1. 20 mL of bloodRead MoreA Research Study On Protein Arginine And C Met Are Receptors Tyrosine Kinases ( Rtks )860 Words   |  4 Pagesefficacy of TKIs is limited due to the development of resistance as seen through clinical trials in NSCLC. Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells undergo phenotypic and morphological changes to acquire mesenchymal characteristics including increased motility and invasiveness. Currently, the role of EMT in TKI drug resistance is poorly understood. EMT results in loss of tight junction proteins such as E-cadherin and upregulation of transcriptional repressorsRead MoreNicotine Cell Proliferation And Invasion1807 Words   |  8 PagesJournal Assignment 2 Background Purpose of the research The purpose of this research is to show that nicotine induces cell proliferation and invasion as well as epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), even though nicotine is not carcinogenic on its own. These series of inductions of mechanisms lead to lung cancer as well as breast cancer and pancreatic cancer. Type of cells chosen for study The lung cancer cells especially in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are the primary target cells forRead MoreOral Cancer Case Study1396 Words   |  6 PagesDkk1 has been shown to inhibit Wnt3a-induced migration and the EMT of human lens epithelial cells and Wnt3a-induced acetylcholinesterase expression (Liu et al, 2017; Xu et al, 2017). The presence of OSCC along with the expression of sFRP4, DKK1 and sFRP1 is suggestive that the oncogenic mechanism is not controlled by the Wnt antagonist and probably not ÃŽ ² –catenin mediated. sFRP4 interferes with endothelial cell functions by inducing apoptosis and antagonizing the canonical Wnt/ÃŽ ² -catenin signalingRead MoreMulti Drug Resistant (MDR) for Cancer Management852 Words   |  3 Pagessingle determinant and may be needed the contribution of several main factors such as Gemcitabine activating enzymes, stemness (Wnt signaling pathway), alterations of membrane-bound nucleoside transporters (hENT1, hCNT1 and hCNT3), Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, apoptosis and the main signaling pathway involved in tumorigenesis (NF-ÃŽ ºB, PI3K-Akt), cell cycle and DNA repair (loss of p53) [4-5]. Based on several reports, stem cells are small population distributed among differentiated cells which